carto - Dynamic rendering on a layer with a long SQL query

I have a question on dynamic rendering with the CartoDB APIs. These APIs are new for me.

Data is a big layer stored in CartoDB (about 30 000 polygons).

In my application the default rendering of this layer must be replaced by a rendering defined by the user. For each subset of selected polygons per the user, the color change. But in a subset the number of polygons can be about 10 000 polygons for example.

In my code I use the subLayerOptions by setting SQL and cartocss properties. The SQL is like "sql:"SELECT * FROM polygons where ID in ('10000','40202'...".

It works fine with a few values but it doesn't work when the SQL request contains a lot value because the request is too long.

Is there an another method to do this?